In angiosperms, female gametophyte is embryo sac which is formed by

Options

A. Reduction division in megaspore
B. Equational division in megaspore
C. Reduction division followed by equational division in megaspore mother cell
D. Both (B) and (C)

Answer

To solve the question about the formation of the female gametophyte (embryo sac) in angiosperms, we can break down the process step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Female Gametophyte**:
- The female gametophyte in angiosperms is known as the embryo sac. It is crucial for the reproduction process in plants.

2. **Origin of the Embryo Sac**:
- The embryo sac is formed from a diploid cell known as the megaspore mother cell (also called the megasporangium).

3. **Meiosis Process**:
- The megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis, which is a reduction division. This process reduces the chromosome number from diploid (2n) to haploid (n).

4. **Formation of Megaspores**:
- Meiosis results in the formation of four haploid megaspores, but typically only one of these megaspores survives, while the others degenerate.

5. **Development of the Embryo Sac**:
- The surviving haploid megaspore undergoes three rounds of mitotic divisions (equational divisions) without cytokinesis, leading to the formation of the embryo sac, which consists of eight nuclei arranged in a specific pattern.

6. **Final Structure**:
- The final structure of the embryo sac contains seven cells: one egg cell, two synergids, three antipodal cells, and one central cell with two polar nuclei.

### Conclusion:
- The correct answer to the question is that the female gametophyte (embryo sac) is formed by the reductional division followed by equational division in the megaspore mother cell.