Which of these is a Non-infectious and non-communicable disease ?

Options

A. Anthrax
B. Malaria
C. Rheumatoid arthritis
D. Tuberculosis

Answer

To determine which of the given options is a non-infectious and non-communicable disease, we will analyze each option based on its causative agent and whether it can be transmitted from one person to another.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Options**:
- Option 1: Anthrax
- Option 2: Malaria
- Option 3: Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Option 4: Tuberculosis

2. **Analyze Option 1 - Anthrax**:
- Anthrax is caused by the bacterium *Bacillus anthracis*.
- It is an infectious disease, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans and is caused by a pathogen.
- **Conclusion**: Anthrax is infectious and communicable.

3. **Analyze Option 2 - Malaria**:
- Malaria is caused by the parasite *Plasmodium*, which is transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes.
- It is also an infectious disease and can spread from person to person through vectors.
- **Conclusion**: Malaria is infectious and communicable.

4. **Analyze Option 3 - Rheumatoid Arthritis**:
- Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own joints.
- It is not caused by any pathogen and does not spread from person to person.
- **Conclusion**: Rheumatoid arthritis is non-infectious and non-communicable.

5. **Analyze Option 4 - Tuberculosis**:
- Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*.
- It is an infectious disease that can spread from an infected person to a healthy person through the air.
- **Conclusion**: Tuberculosis is infectious and communicable.

6. **Final Conclusion**:
- Among the options provided, the only disease that is non-infectious and non-communicable is **Rheumatoid Arthritis (Option 3)**.

### Answer:
**Option 3: Rheumatoid Arthritis** is the correct answer as it is a non-infectious and non-communicable disease.

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