Out of the following , which , is an example of convergent evolution ?
(i) Eyes of octopus and mammals
(ii) Flipper of penguins and Dolphins
(iii) Sweet potato and potato

Options

A. i and iii
B. i and ii
C. ii and iii
D. i ,ii and iii

Answer

To determine which of the given options is an example of convergent evolution, let's analyze each option step by step.

### Step 1: Understand Convergent Evolution
Convergent evolution occurs when different species develop similar traits or adaptations in response to similar environmental challenges, despite having different evolutionary ancestors. This means that the organisms do not share a recent common ancestor but have adapted in similar ways due to similar ecological niches.

### Step 2: Analyze Each Option
1. **Eyes of Octopus and Mammals**:
- Both octopuses and mammals have developed complex eyes that serve the same function (vision), but they evolved independently. This is a classic example of convergent evolution.

2. **Flipper of Penguins and Dolphins**:
- Penguins (birds) and dolphins (mammals) have both evolved flippers as adaptations for swimming in water. Their common ancestor did not have flippers, making this another example of convergent evolution.

3. **Sweet Potato and Potato**:
- Sweet potatoes and potatoes are both tubers but come from different plant families (Convolvulaceae for sweet potatoes and Solanaceae for potatoes). They do not share a recent common ancestor and have evolved independently, but they are not examples of convergent evolution since they are not adaptations to similar environmental challenges.

### Step 3: Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- The eyes of octopus and mammals (1) and the flippers of penguins and dolphins (2) are examples of convergent evolution.
- The sweet potato and potato (3) do not represent convergent evolution.

Thus, the correct answer is:
**(i) Eyes of octopus and mammals, (ii) Flipper of penguins and Dolphins.**

### Final Answer
The answer is: **(i) and (ii)** are examples of convergent evolution.

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