All are in situ conservation efforts , except

Options

A. National parks
B. Sanctuaries
C. Herb gardens
D. Biosphere reserves

Answer

To solve the question "All are in situ conservation efforts, except," we need to understand the difference between in situ and ex situ conservation methods.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding In Situ Conservation**:
- In situ conservation refers to the conservation of species in their natural habitats. This means protecting the organisms in the environment where they naturally occur. Examples include national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and biosphere reserves.

2. **Understanding Ex Situ Conservation**:
- Ex situ conservation involves the preservation of components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats. This method is often used for endangered species that need immediate protection. Examples include botanical gardens, zoos, and herb gardens.

3. **Analyzing the Options**:
- Now, let's analyze the options provided:
- **National Parks**: These are protected areas that conserve biodiversity in their natural habitats, thus they are in situ conservation.
- **Wildlife Sanctuaries**: Similar to national parks, these protect animals in their natural environments, making them in situ conservation.
- **Herb Gardens**: These are cultivated areas specifically for growing herb plants, which do not represent the natural habitat of these plants. Therefore, this is an example of ex situ conservation.
- **Biosphere Reserves**: These are large areas that protect a variety of ecosystems and their biodiversity in their natural settings, thus they are in situ conservation.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the analysis, the only option that does not represent in situ conservation is **herb gardens**. Therefore, the correct answer is option 3: herb gardens.

### Final Answer:
The correct answer is **herb gardens**.