`CH_3COCH_3 overset (Zn)underset(HCl)rarr CH_3CH_2CH_3`
is the example of

Options

A. Birch reduction
B. Clemmensen reduction
C. Wolff - Kishner reduction
D. Hydride reduction

Answer

To solve the question regarding the conversion of acetone (CH₃COCH₃) to propane (CH₃CH₂CH₃) using zinc and hydrochloric acid (HCl), we need to identify the type of reduction reaction that is taking place. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the solution:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants and Products
- The reactant is acetone (CH₃COCH₃), which contains a keto group (C=O).
- The product is propane (CH₃CH₂CH₃), which is an alkane with no functional groups.

**Hint:** Look for the functional groups in the reactant and product to determine the type of reaction.

### Step 2: Understand the Type of Reaction
- The reaction involves the reduction of a keto group (C=O) to a methylene group (–CH₂–).
- This transformation indicates a reduction process since the carbonyl group is being converted to a saturated carbon.

**Hint:** Remember that reduction involves the gain of electrons or hydrogen, or the loss of oxygen.

### Step 3: Determine the Conditions of the Reaction
- The reaction is carried out in the presence of zinc (Zn) and hydrochloric acid (HCl), indicating an acidic medium.
- This is crucial because the medium influences the type of reduction that occurs.

**Hint:** Consider how the reaction conditions (acidic vs. alkaline) affect the mechanism of reduction.

### Step 4: Identify the Type of Reduction
- There are two main types of reductions for converting ketones to alkanes:
1. **Clemensens Reduction**: This occurs in acidic medium and involves the reduction of a ketone to an alkane.
2. **Wolf-Kishner Reduction**: This occurs in alkaline medium and typically involves hydrazine.

- Since the reaction is taking place in an acidic medium, it aligns with the Clemensens reduction.

**Hint:** Recall the specific conditions under which each type of reduction occurs.

### Step 5: Conclusion
- Therefore, the conversion of acetone to propane using zinc and HCl is an example of **Clemensens reduction**.

**Final Answer:** Clemensens reduction.