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Ethanal reacts with HCN and the addition...

Ethanal reacts with HCN and the addition product so obtained is hydrolyzed to form a new compound. This compound shows

A

optical isomerism

B

geometrical isomerism

C

tautomerism

D

metamerism

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To solve the problem step by step, we will analyze the reaction of ethanal (acetaldehyde) with HCN, the formation of the addition product, and its hydrolysis to determine the properties of the resulting compound. ### Step 1: Reaction of Ethanal with HCN - Ethanal (CH₃CHO) is an aldehyde that reacts with hydrogen cyanide (HCN). - In this reaction, the nucleophilic cyanide ion (CN⁻) attacks the electrophilic carbon of the carbonyl group (C=O) in ethanal. **Hint:** Remember that aldehydes are more reactive than ketones in nucleophilic addition reactions due to steric and electronic factors. ### Step 2: Formation of Cyanohydrin - The reaction results in the formation of a cyanohydrin. The intermediate formed can be represented as: \[ CH₃C(OH)(CN)H \] - This compound has a hydroxyl group (-OH) and a cyano group (-CN) attached to the same carbon atom. **Hint:** The presence of both -OH and -CN groups indicates that the compound is a cyanohydrin. ### Step 3: Hydrolysis of Cyanohydrin - Upon hydrolysis, the cyanohydrin undergoes a reaction with water, leading to the conversion of the cyano group into a carboxylic acid group (-COOH). - The hydrolysis of the cyanohydrin yields lactic acid (2-hydroxypropanoic acid), which can be represented as: \[ CH₃C(OH)(COOH)H \] **Hint:** Hydrolysis typically involves breaking down a compound in the presence of water, often resulting in the formation of an acid. ### Step 4: Identifying the Properties of Lactic Acid - The resulting lactic acid has a chiral center at the carbon atom that is bonded to four different groups: a methyl group (CH₃), a hydroxyl group (-OH), a carboxylic acid group (-COOH), and a hydrogen atom (H). - This chiral center allows for the existence of two optical isomers (enantiomers). **Hint:** A compound exhibits optical isomerism if it has a chiral center with four different substituents. ### Step 5: Conclusion - The compound formed after hydrolysis of the cyanohydrin is lactic acid, which shows optical isomerism due to the presence of a chiral carbon atom. **Final Answer:** The compound shows optical isomerism.
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Knowledge Check

  • Reaction between two compounds to form a new compound.

    A
    combination
    B
    decomposition
    C
    single displacement
    D
    double displacement

  • A violet compound of manganese (P) decomposes on heating to liberate oxygen and compounds (Q) and (R ) of manganese are formed. Compound ( R) reacts with KOH in the presence of potassium nitrate to give compound (Q). On heating compound (R ) with conc. H_2SO_4 and NaCl, Chlorine gas is liberated and a compound (S) of manganese along with other products is formed. Compound P to S are

    A
    `{:(" "P," "Q," "R," "S),(KMnO_4,K_2MnO_4,MnCl_2,MnO_2):}`
    B
    `{:(" "P," "Q," "R," "S),(K_2MnO_4,MnO_2,KMnO_4,MnCl_2):}`
    C
    `{:(" "P," "Q," "R," "S),(KMnO_4,K_2MnO_4,MnO_2,MnCl_2):}`
    D
    `{:(" "P," "Q," "R," "S),(K_2MnO_4,KMnO_4,MnO_2,MnCl_2):}`

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