Aromatic aldehydes in the presence of cyanide ion as catalyst, are converted to acyloins. This reaction is called

Options

A. Perkin reaction
B. Cannizzaro reaction
C. Benzoin condensation
D. Claisen condensation

Answer

To solve the question regarding the conversion of aromatic aldehydes to acyloins in the presence of cyanide ion as a catalyst, we can break it down into clear steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reactants**:
- The reactant is an aromatic aldehyde, which can be represented as \( C_6H_5CHO \) (for example, benzaldehyde).

2. **Catalyst Involvement**:
- The catalyst used in this reaction is the cyanide ion (\( CN^- \)). This is typically provided in the form of potassium cyanide (KCN) in an alcoholic solution.

3. **Understanding the Reaction**:
- In the presence of the cyanide ion, the aromatic aldehyde undergoes a reaction known as benzoin condensation. This reaction involves the nucleophilic attack of the cyanide ion on the carbonyl carbon of the aldehyde.

4. **Formation of Acyloin**:
- During the reaction, two molecules of the aromatic aldehyde react to form an acyloin. The general structure of an acyloin can be represented as \( C_6H_5C(OH)(C_6H_5)C=O \).

5. **Final Product**:
- The final product of this reaction is benzoin, which has the structure \( C_6H_5C(OH)C(=O)C_6H_5 \).

6. **Naming the Reaction**:
- The reaction where aromatic aldehydes are converted to acyloins in the presence of cyanide ion is specifically called **Benzoin Condensation**.

### Final Answer:
The reaction of aromatic aldehydes in the presence of cyanide ion as a catalyst, converting them to acyloins, is called **Benzoin Condensation**.