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If the highest oxidation states shown by...

If the highest oxidation states shown by any Lanthanide and any Actinide are `+X and+Y`, the sum of `X+Y` is euqal to?

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To solve the problem, we need to determine the highest oxidation states of both lanthanides and actinides, and then find the sum of these oxidation states. ### Step-by-step Solution: 1. **Identify the Highest Oxidation State of Lanthanides:** - The lanthanides are a series of 15 elements from lanthanum (La) to lutetium (Lu). The highest oxidation state typically observed in lanthanides is +4, which is exhibited by cerium (Ce) and praseodymium (Pr). - Therefore, we can denote the highest oxidation state of a lanthanide as \( X = 4 \). 2. **Identify the Highest Oxidation State of Actinides:** - The actinides are a series of 15 elements from actinium (Ac) to lawrencium (Lr). The highest oxidation state observed in actinides is +7, which is exhibited by elements such as neptunium (Np) and plutonium (Pu). - Therefore, we can denote the highest oxidation state of an actinide as \( Y = 7 \). 3. **Calculate the Sum of X and Y:** - Now that we have \( X = 4 \) and \( Y = 7 \), we can find the sum: \[ X + Y = 4 + 7 = 11 \] 4. **Conclusion:** - The sum of the highest oxidation states shown by any lanthanide and any actinide is \( 11 \). ### Final Answer: The sum \( X + Y = 11 \). ---
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