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The elevation in boiling point of a solu...

The elevation in boiling point of a solution `dT_(b)` is related with molality of solution `(m)` by the reaction:
`dT_(b)=[(RT_(b)^(2))/(DeltaH_(vap))][(M_(1))/(1+mM_(1))]`, where `M_(1)` is moalr mass of solvent and `DeltaH_(vap)` is heat of vaporisation of solvent. For a dilute solution, the relation `((delT_(b))/(delT_(n)))_(mto0)`
gives:

A

Molal ebullioscopic constant

B

Elevation in boiling point

C

Boiling point of solvent

D

Elevation in boiling point `(DeltaT_(b))` becomes more predominant

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To solve the problem, we need to analyze the given equation for the elevation in boiling point of a solution: \[ \Delta T_b = \left(\frac{RT_b^2}{\Delta H_{vap}}\right) \left(\frac{M_1}{1 + mM_1}\right) \] where: - \(\Delta T_b\) is the elevation in boiling point, - \(R\) is the universal gas constant, - \(T_b\) is the boiling point of the solvent, - \(\Delta H_{vap}\) is the heat of vaporization of the solvent, - \(M_1\) is the molar mass of the solvent, - \(m\) is the molality of the solution. ### Step 1: Analyze the equation for dilute solutions For a dilute solution, the molality \(m\) tends to 0. Thus, we can simplify the term \(1 + mM_1\) in the denominator: \[ 1 + mM_1 \approx 1 \quad \text{(as \(m \to 0\))} \] ### Step 2: Substitute the simplified term into the equation Substituting this into the original equation gives: \[ \Delta T_b \approx \left(\frac{RT_b^2}{\Delta H_{vap}}\right) \left(M_1\right) \] ### Step 3: Differentiate \(\Delta T_b\) with respect to \(T_n\) To find the relationship as \(m\) approaches 0, we need to differentiate \(\Delta T_b\) with respect to \(T_n\): \[ \frac{d(\Delta T_b)}{d(T_n)} \quad \text{(as \(m \to 0\))} \] ### Step 4: Evaluate the limit From the previous steps, we can see that: \[ \frac{d(\Delta T_b)}{d(T_n)} = \frac{RT_b^2}{\Delta H_{vap}} \cdot M_1 \] This expression represents a constant, which we can denote as \(K_b\) (the molal ebullioscopic constant). ### Conclusion Thus, for a dilute solution, the relationship gives us: \[ \frac{\Delta T_b}{\Delta T_n} \bigg|_{m \to 0} = K_b \] ### Final Answer The correct interpretation of the relationship as \(m\) approaches 0 is that it gives us the molal ebullioscopic constant \(K_b\).
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