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Let lambda denote the number of terms in...

Let `lambda` denote the number of terms in the expansion of `(1+5x+10x^(2)+10x^(3)+5x^(4)+x^(5))^(20)`. If unit's place and ten's place digits in `3^(lambda)` are O and T, then `O+T` is equal to

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To solve the problem, we need to find the number of terms in the expansion of \( (1 + 5x + 10x^2 + 10x^3 + 5x^4 + x^5)^{20} \) and then calculate \( O + T \) based on the digits of \( 3^{\lambda} \). ### Step 1: Identify the polynomial The polynomial given is: \[ 1 + 5x + 10x^2 + 10x^3 + 5x^4 + x^5 \] This can be recognized as the expansion of \( (1 + x)^5 \) using the binomial theorem. ### Step 2: Rewrite the polynomial We can rewrite the polynomial as: \[ (1 + x)^5 \] Thus, the expression becomes: \[ (1 + x)^5 = 1 + 5x + 10x^2 + 10x^3 + 5x^4 + x^5 \] ### Step 3: Raise to the power of 20 Now, we need to raise this polynomial to the power of 20: \[ [(1 + x)^5]^{20} = (1 + x)^{100} \] ### Step 4: Determine the number of terms The number of terms in the expansion of \( (1 + x)^{100} \) is given by the formula \( n + 1 \), where \( n \) is the exponent. Here, \( n = 100 \): \[ \text{Number of terms} = 100 + 1 = 101 \] Thus, \( \lambda = 101 \). ### Step 5: Calculate \( 3^{\lambda} \) Now we need to compute \( 3^{\lambda} = 3^{101} \). ### Step 6: Find the units and tens digits of \( 3^{101} \) To find the units and tens digits of \( 3^{101} \), we can use the properties of powers of 3. 1. **Units digit**: The units digits of powers of 3 cycle every 4 terms: - \( 3^1 = 3 \) (units digit = 3) - \( 3^2 = 9 \) (units digit = 9) - \( 3^3 = 27 \) (units digit = 7) - \( 3^4 = 81 \) (units digit = 1) - The cycle is \( 3, 9, 7, 1 \). Since \( 101 \mod 4 = 1 \), the units digit of \( 3^{101} \) is **3**. 2. **Tens digit**: To find the tens digit, we can calculate \( 3^{101} \mod 100 \) using the Chinese Remainder Theorem or directly calculate the last two digits of \( 3^{101} \). - We find \( 3^{101} \mod 100 \): - Using Euler's theorem, since \( \phi(100) = 40 \), we have \( 3^{40} \equiv 1 \mod 100 \). - Thus, \( 3^{101} = 3^{40 \cdot 2 + 21} \equiv (3^{40})^2 \cdot 3^{21} \equiv 1^2 \cdot 3^{21} \mod 100 \). - Now we need to compute \( 3^{21} \mod 100 \): - \( 3^1 = 3 \) - \( 3^2 = 9 \) - \( 3^3 = 27 \) - \( 3^4 = 81 \) - \( 3^5 = 243 \equiv 43 \mod 100 \) - \( 3^6 = 3 \cdot 43 = 129 \equiv 29 \mod 100 \) - \( 3^7 = 3 \cdot 29 = 87 \) - \( 3^8 = 3 \cdot 87 = 261 \equiv 61 \mod 100 \) - \( 3^9 = 3 \cdot 61 = 183 \equiv 83 \mod 100 \) - \( 3^{10} = 3 \cdot 83 = 249 \equiv 49 \mod 100 \) - Continuing this process, we find \( 3^{21} \equiv 3 \mod 100 \). Thus, the last two digits of \( 3^{101} \) are 03, meaning: - Units digit \( O = 3 \) - Tens digit \( T = 0 \) ### Step 7: Calculate \( O + T \) Finally, we compute: \[ O + T = 3 + 0 = 3 \] ### Final Answer Thus, the value of \( O + T \) is: \[ \boxed{3} \]
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