The maximum usable energy per molecule of glucose metabolised will be generated during

Options

A. Aerobic respiration by germinating seeds
B. Production of methanol by enteric bacteria
C. Fermentation into ethanol by yeast
D. Glycolysis in the skeletal muscle of a sprinter performing a hundred metre dash

Answer

To determine the maximum usable energy per molecule of glucose metabolized, we need to analyze the four given options in the context of aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Glucose Metabolism**:
- Glucose can be metabolized through two main pathways: aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.
- Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen and yields a higher amount of energy.
- Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen and yields significantly less energy.

2. **Energy Yield from Aerobic Respiration**:
- In aerobic respiration, glucose is broken down into pyruvate via glycolysis, then further processed in the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain, resulting in the production of approximately **38 ATP molecules** per glucose molecule.

3. **Energy Yield from Anaerobic Respiration**:
- In anaerobic respiration, glucose is converted to pyruvate via glycolysis, but without oxygen, it is converted to either ethanol (in yeast) or lactic acid (in muscles).
- This process yields only about **2 ATP molecules** per glucose molecule.

4. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option A: Aerobic respiration by germinating seeds**: This process involves aerobic respiration, which yields maximum energy (38 ATP). **(Correct)**
- **Option B: Production of methanol by enteric bacteria**: This is likely an anaerobic process, yielding less energy. **(Incorrect)**
- **Option C: Fermentation into ethanol by yeast**: This is also an anaerobic process, yielding only 2 ATP. **(Incorrect)**
- **Option D: Glycolysis in skeletal muscles of a sprinter performing a 100-meter dash**: During intense exercise, muscles may switch to anaerobic respiration due to oxygen depletion, resulting in lactic acid production and only 2 ATP. **(Incorrect)**

5. **Conclusion**:
- The maximum usable energy per molecule of glucose metabolized is generated during **aerobic respiration by germinating seeds**.

### Final Answer:
**The maximum usable energy per molecule of glucose metabolized will be generated during aerobic respiration by germinating seeds.**

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