Which one of the following structures in Periplaneta is correctly matched with its function ?

Options

A. Hepatic caeca - absorbs digested food
B. Alary muscles - contraction of spiracles
C. Spermatheca - stores sperms in males
D. Supra - oesophageal ganglion - Supplies nerves to antennae

Answer

To solve the question regarding which structure in Periplaneta (the American cockroach) is correctly matched with its function, we will analyze each option provided.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Periplaneta**:
- Periplaneta americana is the scientific name for the American cockroach. It is important to understand the anatomy and functions of various structures in this organism.

2. **Analyzing Option 1: Hepatic Ceca**:
- The hepatic ceca are structures that secrete enzymes to aid in digestion. However, the function mentioned in the option states that they absorb digested food. This is incorrect as their primary role is enzyme secretion, not absorption.
- **Conclusion**: Incorrect match.

3. **Analyzing Option 2: Alary Muscles**:
- Alary muscles are involved in the circulation of hemolymph (blood) in cockroaches. The option states they help in the contraction of spiracles, which is not their primary function.
- **Conclusion**: Incorrect match.

4. **Analyzing Option 3: Spermatheca**:
- The spermatheca is a structure in female cockroaches that stores sperm after mating. The option suggests it both stores and produces sperm, which is misleading since it does not produce sperm; it only stores it.
- **Conclusion**: Incorrect match.

5. **Analyzing Option 4: Supraesophageal Ganglion**:
- The supraesophageal ganglion is essentially the brain of the cockroach and is responsible for supplying nerves to the antennae, providing them with sensitivity. The function stated in the option aligns with its actual role.
- **Conclusion**: Correct match.

### Final Answer:
The structure that is correctly matched with its function in Periplaneta is **Option 4: Supraesophageal Ganglion**.

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