If the cells are broken up and sedimented, the new structure formed in one of the fraction is

Options

A. lysosomes
B. microsomes
C. centrosomes
D. peroxisomes

Answer

To solve the question, "If the cells are broken up and sedimented, the new structure formed in one of the fractions is," we will analyze the options provided and determine which structure is formed from the broken cells.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Cell Breakdown**: When cells are broken up (a process known as cell lysis), their internal structures can be released. This process can occur through mechanical means or chemical treatments.

**Hint**: Think about what happens to cellular structures when cells are disrupted.

2. **Sedimentation**: After breaking the cells, the mixture is subjected to centrifugation. This process separates cellular components based on their size and density. The heavier components sediment to the bottom, while lighter components remain in the supernatant.

**Hint**: Remember that different cellular components have different densities, which helps in their separation.

3. **Identifying Structures**: The question asks for the new structure formed in one of the fractions. The options provided are:
- Lysosomes
- Microsomes
- Centrosomes
- Peroxisomes

4. **Analyzing Each Option**:
- **Lysosomes**: These are membrane-bound organelles containing hydrolytic enzymes and are present in healthy living cells. They are not formed from broken cells.
- **Microsomes**: These are small vesicles formed from fragments of the endoplasmic reticulum when cells are broken up. They are not found in intact cells and are specifically formed during the process of cell lysis and subsequent centrifugation.
- **Centrosomes**: These are structures involved in organizing microtubules and are part of the intact cell structure, not formed from broken cells.
- **Peroxisomes**: These are also membrane-bound organelles found in living cells, involved in various metabolic processes. They do not form from broken cells.

5. **Conclusion**: The only structure that is formed from the debris of the endoplasmic reticulum after cell lysis and sedimentation is **microsomes**. Therefore, the correct answer is **microsomes**.

**Final Answer**: **Microsomes (Option B)**