Which of the following statements is correct regarding Mitochondria ?

Options

A. Matrix possesses single ds circular DNA molecule and ribosomes of 70S type.
B. Site of aerobic and anaerobic respiration
C. Outer membrane forms the continuous limiting boundary of the organelle , and is folded into cristae .
D. Mitochondria divide by fragmentation to increases its number.

Answer

To solve the question regarding the correct statement about mitochondria, we will analyze each of the provided options step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Mitochondrial Structure**:
- Mitochondria have an outer membrane and an inner membrane. The inner membrane is folded into structures known as cristae, which increase the surface area for metabolic activities. The space between the inner and outer membranes is called the outer compartment, while the space inside the inner membrane is referred to as the matrix.

**Hint**: Remember the structure of mitochondria and the functions of its membranes.

2. **Analyzing Option 1**:
- The first statement claims that the matrix possesses a single double-stranded DNA molecule and ribosomes of the 70S type. This is correct because mitochondria contain their own circular DNA and ribosomes, which are indeed of the 70S type, similar to prokaryotic ribosomes.

**Hint**: Focus on the unique features of mitochondria that allow them to be semi-autonomous.

3. **Analyzing Option 2**:
- The second statement suggests that mitochondria are the site of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. This is incorrect because while mitochondria are involved in aerobic respiration (Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation), anaerobic respiration (like glycolysis) occurs in the cytoplasm, not in the mitochondria.

**Hint**: Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic processes and their locations within the cell.

4. **Analyzing Option 3**:
- The third statement claims that the outer membrane is folded into cristae. This is incorrect; it is the inner membrane that is folded into cristae, not the outer membrane.

**Hint**: Pay attention to the specific structures associated with each membrane of the mitochondria.

5. **Analyzing Option 4**:
- The fourth statement indicates that mitochondria divide by fragmentation. This is incorrect; mitochondria replicate through a process similar to binary fission, which is how prokaryotes divide, rather than fragmentation.

**Hint**: Recall the method of division for mitochondria and how it compares to other cellular processes.

### Conclusion:
After analyzing all the options, the correct statement regarding mitochondria is **Option 1**: "Matrix possesses a single double-stranded DNA molecule and ribosome of the 70S type."