Biological equilibrium is maintained with the help of

Options

A. producers and consumers
B. consumers and decomposers
C. photosynthesis and transpiration
D. photosynthesis and respiration

Answer

To solve the question regarding what maintains biological equilibrium, we can analyze the options provided:

1. **Understanding Biological Equilibrium**: Biological equilibrium, also known as ecological balance, refers to the stable state of an ecosystem where species coexist and resources are utilized efficiently. It involves interactions among various organisms and their environment.

2. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Producers and Consumers**: Producers (like plants) create energy through photosynthesis, while consumers (like animals) rely on these producers for energy. This relationship is crucial for maintaining the flow of energy in an ecosystem.
- **Consumers and Decomposers**: Consumers eat producers and other consumers, while decomposers (like fungi and bacteria) break down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the soil. This process is essential for nutrient cycling, which supports new plant growth.
- **Photosynthesis and Transformation**: Photosynthesis is the process by which producers convert sunlight into energy, while transformation could refer to various ecological processes. However, this option does not directly address the interactions between different groups of organisms.

3. **Conclusion**: Both producers and consumers, as well as consumers and decomposers, play vital roles in maintaining biological equilibrium. However, the most comprehensive option that captures the essence of ecological balance is **consumers and decomposers**, as they are directly involved in nutrient cycling and energy flow.

### Final Answer:
Biological equilibrium is maintained with the help of **consumers and decomposers**.