Consider the following statements .
A. The productivity and distribution of plants have nothing to do with water.
B. Next temperature , water is the most important factor influence the life of organisms.
C. Mammals from colder climates generally have longer ears and limbs to minimize heat loss.
D. Life on Earth originated in water and is unsustainable without water.
Of the above statements:

Options

A. A and B are correct
B. A and D are correct
C. B and C are correct
D. B and D are correct

Answer

To solve the question regarding the statements about the influence of water, temperature, and mammalian adaptations, we will analyze each statement one by one.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Analyze Statement A**:
- **Statement**: "The productivity and distribution of plants have nothing to do with water."
- **Analysis**: This statement is incorrect. Water is crucial for plant productivity and distribution. Plants require water for photosynthesis, nutrient transport, and maintaining turgor pressure. Areas with sufficient water generally have higher plant productivity.

**Hint**: Consider the role of water in photosynthesis and plant physiology.

2. **Analyze Statement B**:
- **Statement**: "Next to temperature, water is the most important factor influencing the life of organisms."
- **Analysis**: This statement is correct. Water is essential for all known forms of life. It serves as a solvent for biochemical reactions and is critical for maintaining homeostasis in organisms.

**Hint**: Reflect on the importance of water in biological processes and its role in ecosystems.

3. **Analyze Statement C**:
- **Statement**: "Mammals from colder climates generally have longer ears and limbs to minimize heat loss."
- **Analysis**: This statement is incorrect. According to Allen's rule, mammals in colder climates tend to have shorter limbs and ears to reduce heat loss. Longer extremities would increase surface area and lead to greater heat loss.

**Hint**: Think about how body shape and size can affect heat retention in different climates.

4. **Analyze Statement D**:
- **Statement**: "Life on Earth originated in water and is unsustainable without water."
- **Analysis**: This statement is correct. Life is believed to have originated in aquatic environments, and all known life forms depend on water for survival. Water is essential for metabolic processes.

**Hint**: Consider the evolutionary origins of life and the role of water in sustaining life.

### Conclusion:
- **Correct Statements**: B and D are correct.
- **Incorrect Statements**: A and C are incorrect.
- The answer to the question is that statements B and D are true, while A and C are false.

### Final Answer:
The correct statements are B and D.