Mark the correct options stating the locations of the following centers .

Options

A. `{:("Pneumotaxic centre " ,"Apneustic centre","Dorsal respiratory group","Ventral respiratory group " ),("Pons " , "Pons" , "Medulla","Medulla"):}`
B. `{:("Pneumotaxic centre " ,"Apneustic centre","Dorsal respiratory group","Ventral respiratory group " ),("Pons " , "Medulla","Pons","Medulla"):}`
C. `{:("Pneumotaxic centre " ,"Apneustic centre","Dorsal respiratory group","Ventral respiratory group " ),("Medulla","Medulla","Pons","Pons"):}`
D. `{:("Pneumotaxic centre " ,"Apneustic centre","Dorsal respiratory group","Ventral respiratory group " ),("Pons " , "Pons" , "Pons","Medulla"):}`

Answer

To solve the question regarding the locations of the respiratory centers, we will analyze each center one by one and determine their correct locations.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Pneumotaxic Center:**
- The pneumotaxic center is located in the **upper part of the pons**.
- Its function is to limit inspiration and regulate the respiratory cycle by controlling the action potential in the phrenic nerve.

2. **Identify the Apneustic Center:**
- The apneustic center is located in the **lower part of the pons**.
- It serves the opposite function of the pneumotaxic center by stimulating the inspiratory center, leading to a gradual increase in the firing rate of the inspiratory muscles.

3. **Identify the Dorsal Respiratory Group (DRG):**
- The DRG is located **bilaterally in the medulla**.
- It is composed mainly of inspiratory neurons and is responsible for controlling the basic rhythm of breathing by triggering the inspiratory muscles.

4. **Identify the Ventral Respiratory Group (VRG):**
- The VRG is also located **bilaterally in the medulla**.
- It contains both inspiratory and expiratory neurons and is primarily active during exercise and stress, helping to regulate breathing during these times.

### Summary of Locations:
- **Pneumotaxic Center:** Upper part of the pons
- **Apneustic Center:** Lower part of the pons
- **Dorsal Respiratory Group (DRG):** Bilaterally in the medulla
- **Ventral Respiratory Group (VRG):** Bilaterally in the medulla

### Correct Options:
Based on the analysis:
- The pneumotaxic center and apneustic center are both located in the **pons**.
- The DRG and VRG are both located in the **medulla**.

Thus, the correct option for the question is **Option 1**, which states:
- Pneumotaxic center: Pons
- Apneustic center: Pons
- Dorsal Respiratory Group: Medulla
- Ventral Respiratory Group: Medulla