Which of these is not obtained from a fungus?

Options

A. cyclosporin A
B. statin
C. antibiotic penicillin
D. holes in Swiss cheese

Answer

To solve the question "Which of these is not obtained from a fungus?", we will analyze each option provided in the question and determine whether it is derived from a fungus or not.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Question**: We need to identify which of the given options is not derived from a fungus.

2. **Evaluate Each Option**:
- **Option 1: Cyclosporine A**: This compound is produced from the fungus *Trichoderma polysporum* through submerged fermentation. Therefore, this option is obtained from a fungus.
- **Option 2: Statin**: Statins are drugs that are produced from filamentous fungi. This means that statins are also derived from fungi.
- **Option 3: Antibiotic Penicillin**: Penicillin is famously produced from the fungus *Penicillium notatum*. Thus, this option is also obtained from a fungus.
- **Option 4: Holes in Swiss Cheese**: The holes in Swiss cheese are formed due to the production of carbon dioxide by the bacterium *Propionibacterium shermanii*. This process does not involve fungi.

3. **Conclusion**: After evaluating all options, we find that the only option that is not obtained from a fungus is the holes in Swiss cheese, as they are produced by a bacterium.

### Final Answer:
The correct answer is **holes in Swiss cheese**.

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