Ovary to fruit formation in absence of fertilization refers to:

Options

A. Parthenocarpy
B. Apogamy
C. Apospory
D. Parthenogenesis

Answer

To solve the question "Ovary to fruit formation in absence of fertilization refers to:", we will analyze each option provided and determine which one correctly describes the process of fruit formation without fertilization.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**:
- We need to identify the process where the ovary develops into a fruit without the need for fertilization.

2. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option A: Parthenocarpy**
- Definition: Parthenocarpy is the process where the ovary develops into a fruit without fertilization.
- Significance: This leads to the formation of seedless fruits. Examples include bananas and citrus fruits.
- Conclusion: This option fits the requirement of the question.

- **Option B: Epigamy**
- Definition: Epigamy refers to asexual reproduction where the sporophyte develops from the gametophyte without gamete fusion.
- Conclusion: This does not relate to fruit formation from the ovary, so it is incorrect.

- **Option C: Apospory**
- Definition: Apospory is the development of a diploid gametophyte from the sporophyte without meiosis or mitosis.
- Conclusion: This is not related to fruit formation and is therefore incorrect.

- **Option D: Parthenogenesis**
- Definition: Parthenogenesis is a form of reproduction where an egg develops into an embryo without fertilization.
- Conclusion: This process occurs in animals (like bees and aphids) and does not pertain to fruit formation, making it incorrect.

3. **Final Conclusion**:
- After analyzing all the options, the correct answer is **Parthenocarpy**, as it specifically describes the process of ovary developing into a fruit without fertilization.

### Answer:
**Parthenocarpy**