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Identify the correct statement for the f...

Identify the correct statement for the following.
(a) Tracheo-bronchial junction is at the level of fifth cervical vertebra.
(b)Inspiratory capacity is the maximum volume of air that can be inspired after normal expiration
(c) p C O 2 in de-oxygenated blood is 40 mm Hg.
(d) Respiratory surface area for exchange of gases is increased in emphysema

A

Tracheo-bronchial junction is at the level of fifth cervical vertebra.

B

Inspiratory capacity is the maximum volume of air that can be inspired after normal expiration

C

`pCO_2` in de-oxygenated blood is 40 mm Hg.

D

Respiratory surface area for exchange of gases is increased in emphysema

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To solve the question, we need to evaluate each of the four statements provided and identify which one is correct. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Evaluate Statement (a)**: "Tracheo-bronchial junction is at the level of fifth cervical vertebra." - The tracheobronchial junction is where the trachea divides into the right and left bronchi. This junction is located at the level of the **fifth thoracic vertebra**, not the fifth cervical vertebra. Therefore, this statement is **incorrect**. 2. **Evaluate Statement (b)**: "Inspiratory capacity is the maximum volume of air that can be inspired after normal expiration." - Inspiratory capacity (IC) is defined as the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal expiration. It is calculated as the sum of tidal volume (TV) and inspiratory reserve volume (IRV). This statement is **correct**. 3. **Evaluate Statement (c)**: "pCO2 in de-oxygenated blood is 40 mm Hg." - The partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in deoxygenated blood is actually around **45 mm Hg**. Therefore, this statement is **incorrect**. 4. **Evaluate Statement (d)**: "Respiratory surface area for exchange of gases is increased in emphysema." - In emphysema, the alveoli are damaged and destroyed, leading to a **decrease** in the surface area available for gas exchange. Thus, this statement is **incorrect**. ### Conclusion: The only correct statement among the four provided is **(b)**: "Inspiratory capacity is the maximum volume of air that can be inspired after normal expiration." ### Final Answer: (b) Inspiratory capacity is the maximum volume of air that can be inspired after normal expiration. ---
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