The reverse voltage at which the current increases enormously, in a p-n junction, is called

Options

A. knee voltage
B. Breakdown voltage
C. Biasing voltage
D. acceleration voltage

Answer

To solve the question, we need to understand the behavior of a p-n junction diode under reverse bias conditions. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the explanation:

### Step 1: Understanding p-n Junction
A p-n junction is formed by joining p-type and n-type semiconductors. In a p-type semiconductor, holes are the majority carriers, while in an n-type semiconductor, electrons are the majority carriers.

**Hint:** Recall the basic structure of a p-n junction and the types of charge carriers present in each type of semiconductor.

### Step 2: Forward and Reverse Biasing
When a p-n junction is connected in a circuit:
- **Forward Biasing:** The p-side is connected to the positive terminal and the n-side to the negative terminal. This allows current to flow through the diode.
- **Reverse Biasing:** The p-side is connected to the negative terminal and the n-side to the positive terminal. In this case, the diode blocks current flow initially.

**Hint:** Remember the definitions of forward and reverse biasing and how they affect current flow in the diode.

### Step 3: Current Flow in Reverse Bias
In reverse bias, initially, there is no current flowing through the diode. However, this is only true up to a certain voltage level. As the reverse voltage increases, the diode can withstand a limited amount of reverse voltage without conducting significant current.

**Hint:** Think about what happens to the current as the reverse voltage approaches a critical value.

### Step 4: Breakdown Voltage
At a certain reverse voltage, known as the **breakdown voltage**, the diode begins to conduct a large amount of current in the reverse direction. This is due to the breakdown of the depletion region, which allows charge carriers to flow freely.

**Hint:** Identify the term used to describe the reverse voltage at which the current increases dramatically.

### Conclusion
The reverse voltage at which the current increases enormously in a p-n junction is called the **breakdown voltage**.

**Final Answer:** Breakdown Voltage (Option B)