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In a photoelectric experiment a parallel...

In a photoelectric experiment a parallel beam of monochromatic light with power of 200W is incident on a perfectly absorbing cathode of work function 6.25. The frequency of light is just above the threshold frequency so that the photoelectrons are emitted with negligible kinetic energy. Assume that the photoelectron emission efficiency is 100%. A potential difference of 500V is applied between the cathode and the anode. All the emitted electrons are incident normally on the anode and are absorbed. The anode experiences a force `n xx 10^(-4) N` due to the impact of the electrons. The value of n is __________. Mass of the electron `9.1 xx 10^(-31) Kg` and charge is `1.6 xx 10^(-19) C`

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To solve the problem step by step, we will follow these steps: ### Step 1: Calculate the energy of one photon The energy of a photon can be calculated using the formula: \[ E = h \cdot f \] where \( h \) is Planck's constant (\(6.626 \times 10^{-34} \, \text{Js}\)) and \( f \) is the frequency of the light. Since the frequency is just above the threshold frequency, we can relate the energy of the photon to the work function (\( \phi \)): \[ E = \phi \] Given that the work function is \( 6.25 \, \text{eV} \), we convert it to Joules: \[ \phi = 6.25 \, \text{eV} \times 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \, \text{J/eV} = 1.0 \times 10^{-18} \, \text{J} \] ### Step 2: Calculate the number of photons emitted per second The power of the light source is given as \( P = 200 \, \text{W} \). The number of photons emitted per second (\( N \)) can be calculated using: \[ N = \frac{P}{E} \] Substituting the values: \[ N = \frac{200 \, \text{W}}{1.0 \times 10^{-18} \, \text{J}} = 2.0 \times 10^{20} \, \text{photons/s} \] ### Step 3: Calculate the kinetic energy gained by the electrons When the electrons are accelerated through a potential difference (\( V \)), they gain kinetic energy given by: \[ KE = e \cdot V \] where \( e \) is the charge of an electron (\(1.6 \times 10^{-19} \, \text{C}\)) and \( V = 500 \, \text{V} \): \[ KE = 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \, \text{C} \cdot 500 \, \text{V} = 8.0 \times 10^{-17} \, \text{J} \] ### Step 4: Calculate the momentum of the electrons The momentum (\( p \)) of an electron can be calculated using: \[ p = \sqrt{2m \cdot KE} \] where \( m \) is the mass of the electron (\(9.1 \times 10^{-31} \, \text{kg}\)): \[ p = \sqrt{2 \cdot 9.1 \times 10^{-31} \, \text{kg} \cdot 8.0 \times 10^{-17} \, \text{J}} = \sqrt{1.456 \times 10^{-46}} \approx 1.208 \times 10^{-23} \, \text{kg m/s} \] ### Step 5: Calculate the force on the anode The force (\( F \)) experienced by the anode due to the impact of the electrons can be calculated using: \[ F = N \cdot \Delta p \] where \( \Delta p \) is the change in momentum per electron, which is equal to the momentum calculated above (since the final momentum is zero after absorption): \[ F = N \cdot p = 2.0 \times 10^{20} \cdot 1.208 \times 10^{-23} \approx 2.416 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{N} \] ### Step 6: Convert the force to the required format To express the force in the form \( n \times 10^{-4} \, \text{N} \): \[ F \approx 2.416 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{N} = 24.16 \times 10^{-4} \, \text{N} \] Thus, \( n \approx 24 \). ### Final Answer The value of \( n \) is: \[ \boxed{24} \]
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