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In the reaction PCl(3) + Cl(2) to PCl5, ...

In the reaction `PCl_(3) + Cl_(2) to PCl_5`, which of the following is correct?

A

`PCl_(3)` is acting as a reductant.

B

`Cl_(2)` is acting as a reductant.

C

Both `PCl_(3) and Cl_(2)` are acting as reductants

D

Both `PCl_(3) and Cl_(2)` are acting as oxidants

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To solve the question regarding the reaction \( PCl_3 + Cl_2 \rightarrow PCl_5 \), we need to analyze the oxidation states of the elements involved in the reaction. ### Step 1: Determine the oxidation state of phosphorus in \( PCl_3 \) - Let the oxidation state of phosphorus (P) be \( x \). - The oxidation state of chlorine (Cl) is \(-1\). - In \( PCl_3 \), there are three chlorine atoms, so the equation for the oxidation state is: \[ x + 3(-1) = 0 \] \[ x - 3 = 0 \implies x = +3 \] - Therefore, the oxidation state of phosphorus in \( PCl_3 \) is \( +3 \). ### Step 2: Determine the oxidation state of phosphorus in \( PCl_5 \) - Again, let the oxidation state of phosphorus be \( x \). - In \( PCl_5 \), there are five chlorine atoms, so the equation for the oxidation state is: \[ x + 5(-1) = 0 \] \[ x - 5 = 0 \implies x = +5 \] - Therefore, the oxidation state of phosphorus in \( PCl_5 \) is \( +5 \). ### Step 3: Determine the oxidation state of chlorine in \( Cl_2 \) - The oxidation state of chlorine in its elemental form \( Cl_2 \) is \( 0 \). ### Step 4: Analyze the changes in oxidation states - Phosphorus changes from \( +3 \) in \( PCl_3 \) to \( +5 \) in \( PCl_5 \). This is an increase in oxidation state, indicating that phosphorus is oxidized. - Chlorine changes from \( 0 \) in \( Cl_2 \) to \( -1 \) in \( PCl_5 \). This is a decrease in oxidation state, indicating that chlorine is reduced. ### Step 5: Identify the roles of the reactants - Since phosphorus is oxidized (its oxidation state increases), it acts as a reductant (reducing agent) because it donates electrons. - Chlorine is reduced (its oxidation state decreases), meaning it accepts electrons. ### Conclusion - In the reaction \( PCl_3 + Cl_2 \rightarrow PCl_5 \), \( PCl_3 \) is acting as a reductant because it oxidizes itself and reduces chlorine. ### Final Answer The correct option is that \( PCl_3 \) behaves as a reductant. ---
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