Ammonia is a base because it has a lone pair of electrons. Predict the change in -basicity in the following cases and give reason for each. a) When one hydrogen of ammonia is replaced by methyl group. b) When one hydrogen of ammonia is replaced by phenyl group.

If one H-atom of ammonia is replaced by an alkly group, the amine obtained is known as

What is the name of the compound formed when one hydrogen atom of benzene is replaced with methyl redical.

All aliphatic amines are more basic than ammonia but due to delocalization of lone pair of electrons of the nitrogen atom on the benzene ring, aniline is a weaker base than ammonia. The basic strength of the substituted anilines, however, depends upon the nature of the substituent. Whereas electron-donating groups tend to increase, electron-withdrawing groups tend to decrease the basic strength. The base strengthening effect of the electron-donating groups and base weakening effect of the electron-withdrawing groups is, however ,more pronounced at p-than at m-position. However, due to ortho effect, o-substituted anilines are weaker bases than anilines regardless of the nature of substituent whether electron-donating or electron-withdrawing. Arrange the following amines in decreasing order of their basic strength

All aliphatic amines are more basic than ammonia but due to delocalization of lone pair of electrons of the nitrogen atom on the benzene ring, aniline is a weaker base than ammonia. The basic strength of the substituted anilines, however, depends upon the nature of the substituent. Whereas electron-donating groups tend to increase, electron-withdrawing groups tend to decrease the basic strength. The base strengthening effect of the electron-donating groups and base weakening effect of the electron-withdrawing groups is, however ,more pronounced at p-than at m-position. However, due to ortho effect, o-substituted anilines are weaker bases than anilines regardless of the nature of substituent whether electron-donating or electron-withdrawing. Among the following, the weakest base is

All aliphatic amines are more basic than ammonia but due to delocalization of lone pair of electrons of the nitrogen atom on the benzene ring, aniline is a weaker base than ammonia. The basic strength of the substituted anilines, however, depends upon the nature of the substituent. Whereas electron-donating groups tend to increase, electron-withdrawing groups tend to decrease the basic strength. The base strengthening effect of the electron-donating groups and base weakening effect of the electron-withdrawing groups is, however ,more pronounced at p-than at m-position. However, due to ortho effect, o-substituted anilines are weaker bases than anilines regardless of the nature of substituent whether electron-donating or electron-withdrawing. What is the order of basicity of I. p-methylaniline II. m-methylaniline III, aniline IV. o-methylaniline

Some reactions of propane are given: Hydrogen atoms are substituted one by one, in presence of sunlight. When heated in the absence of air, it decomposes to hydrocarbons with lesser molecular mass. Combines with oxygen to give CO_2 and H_2O .: Identify the type of reactions in each case.

When sodium borohydride (NaBH_4) is treated with iodine (l_2) , two gaseous products were obtained. One is hydrogen and the other is a highly toxic gas X, which catches fire upon exposure to air. When the gas X is heated with ammonia for a long time, a compound Y of ring structure is ob tained. Identify X and Y. (Name and molecular formula are expected)