In jaundice, the skin and eyes turn yellow due to
a) Deposition of bilirubin
b) Deposition of biliverdin
c) Destruction of red blood cells
d) All of the above

Options

A. Depositionn of bilirubin
B. Deposition of biliverdin
C. Destruction of red blood cells
D. All of the above

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Jaundice**: Jaundice is a medical condition characterized by the yellowing of the skin and eyes. This yellow color is primarily due to the accumulation of certain substances in the body.

2. **Identifying the Causes**: Jaundice can be caused by three main types of conditions:
- **Prehepatic**: This involves excessive destruction of red blood cells (RBCs), leading to increased production of bilirubin, a by-product of heme breakdown.
- **Hepatocellular**: This occurs when the liver is damaged and cannot process bilirubin effectively, leading to its accumulation.
- **Post-hepatic**: This happens when there is a blockage in the bile ducts, preventing bilirubin from being excreted from the liver.

3. **Role of Bilirubin and Biliverdin**:
- **Bilirubin**: This is the primary pigment responsible for the yellow color in jaundice. It is produced from the breakdown of hemoglobin in red blood cells.
- **Biliverdin**: This is another pigment that can also contribute to the yellow color, although it is less significant than bilirubin.

4. **Destruction of Red Blood Cells**: The destruction of RBCs leads to an increase in bilirubin levels in the blood, which can contribute to jaundice.

5. **Conclusion**: Since all three factors—deposition of bilirubin, deposition of biliverdin, and destruction of red blood cells—can lead to the yellowing of the skin and eyes in jaundice, the correct answer to the question is **d) All of the above**.

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