Deletion or insertion of three or its multiple bases results in

Options

A. Frame shift mutation
B. Point mutation
C. No effect on reading frame
D. Both (a) and (b)

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Deletion or Insertion of Bases:**
- When we talk about the deletion or insertion of bases in DNA, we are referring to changes in the nucleotide sequence. Each nucleotide is made up of a base, and the sequence of these bases encodes genetic information.

2. **Impact of Deleting or Inserting Three Bases:**
- Deleting or inserting three bases (or any multiple of three) from the DNA sequence does not cause a frameshift mutation. A frameshift mutation occurs when the number of bases deleted or inserted is not a multiple of three, which alters the reading frame of the genetic code.

3. **Consequences of Three Base Changes:**
- When three bases are deleted or inserted, it results in the loss or addition of one complete codon (a sequence of three nucleotides). This means that the reading frame remains intact, and the rest of the sequence downstream of the mutation is read correctly.

4. **No Change in Reading Frame:**
- Since the reading frame is preserved, the overall translation of the protein may continue without a frameshift. However, the specific amino acid that corresponds to the deleted or inserted codon may change, potentially altering the protein's structure or function.

5. **Conclusion:**
- Therefore, the deletion or insertion of three bases or its multiples results in a change in the amino acid sequence at the point of mutation, but it does not affect the reading frame of the mRNA. This means that the rest of the protein will be synthesized correctly, but the specific amino acid encoded by the mutated codon may differ.

**Final Answer:**
Deletion or insertion of three bases or its multiple results in a change in the amino acid sequence but does not cause a frameshift mutation, thus preserving the reading frame.

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