Commonly used vectors for human genome sequencing are

Options

A. T/A Cloning Vectors
B. T-DNA
C. BAC and YAC
D. Expression Vectors

Answer

To answer the question about commonly used vectors for human genome sequencing, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**:
- The question asks for vectors that are commonly used in the process of human genome sequencing. Vectors are DNA molecules used to deliver foreign genetic material into a host cell.

2. **Identifying Common Vectors**:
- Among the options provided (TA cloning vector, T-DNA, BAC, YAC, and expression vector), we need to identify which ones are specifically used for genome sequencing.

3. **Exploring BAC and YAC**:
- **BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome)**:
- BACs are designed to clone large fragments of DNA (up to 300 kb). They are derived from the F-plasmid of E. coli and are stable, making them suitable for cloning large segments of the human genome.
- **YAC (Yeast Artificial Chromosome)**:
- YACs can clone even larger fragments of DNA (up to 1000 kb). They are derived from yeast and are also stable for carrying large pieces of DNA, which is essential for sequencing the human genome.

4. **Comparing with Other Options**:
- **TA Cloning Vector**: Typically used for cloning smaller fragments of DNA and not ideal for large-scale sequencing.
- **T-DNA**: Generally used in plant transformation and not relevant for human genome sequencing.
- **Expression Vector**: Primarily used for expressing proteins rather than for sequencing purposes.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the analysis, the vectors commonly used for human genome sequencing are **BAC and YAC**.

### Final Answer:
The commonly used vectors for human genome sequencing are **BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) and YAC (Yeast Artificial Chromosome)**.

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