The evolution of numerous species, such as Darwin's finches, from a single ancestor is called

Options

A. Adaptive radiation
B. Sympatric speciation
C. Graduaslism
D. Non-disjunction

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the evolutionary process that leads to the emergence of numerous species from a single ancestor, specifically referencing Darwin's finches.

2. **Identifying the Key Terms**: The key terms in the question are "numerous species," "single ancestor," and "Darwin's finches." This indicates that we are looking for a process that explains how one species can diversify into multiple species.

3. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option A: Adaptive Radiation**: This refers to the process where a single ancestral species evolves into multiple species that adapt to different environments or niches. This fits the description of Darwin's finches, which evolved from a common ancestor into various species adapted to different ecological niches.
- **Option B: Sympatric Speciation**: This involves the evolution of new species from a single ancestral species while inhabiting the same geographic area. This does not specifically relate to the diversification of species from a single ancestor in different niches.
- **Option C: Gradualism**: This is a hypothesis that suggests evolution occurs through small, incremental changes over long periods. While it describes a process of evolution, it does not specifically address the emergence of multiple species from a single ancestor.
- **Option D: Non-disjunction**: This refers to a failure in chromosome separation during cell division and is not related to the evolution of species.

4. **Selecting the Correct Answer**: Based on the analysis, the correct answer is **A: Adaptive Radiation**, as it accurately describes the process by which Darwin's finches evolved from a single ancestor into multiple species adapted to various niches.

**Final Answer**: The evolution of numerous species, such as Darwin's finches, from a single ancestor is called **Adaptive Radiation**.

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