Match the items in Column I with those in Column II :
`{:(,"Column I",,"Column - II"),(1.,"Herbivores-Plants",(i),"Commensalism"),(2.,"Mycorrhiza-Plants",(ii),"Mutualism"),(3.,"Sheep-Cattle",(iii),"Predation"),(4.,"Orchid-Tree",(iv),"Competition"):}`

Options

A. `{:(1,2,3,4),(iii,ii,iv,i):}`
B. `{:(1,2,3,4),(ii,i,iii,iv):}`
C. `{:(1,2,3,4),(i,iii,iv,ii):}`
D. `{:(1,2,3,4),(iv,ii,i,iii):}`

Answer

To solve the matching question, we need to analyze the relationships between the items in Column I and Column II. Let's go through each item step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Herbivores - Plants**:
- Herbivores are organisms that feed on plants. This relationship is characterized by one organism (herbivores) benefiting by obtaining food, while the other (plants) is harmed as it is consumed. This type of interaction is known as **Predation**.
- **Match**: 1 (Herbivores - Plants) with (iii) Predation.

2. **Mycorrhiza - Plants**:
- Mycorrhiza refers to a symbiotic relationship between fungi and plant roots. In this association, both organisms benefit: the plant provides carbohydrates to the fungi, while the fungi help the plant absorb water and nutrients from the soil. This mutual benefit classifies the relationship as **Mutualism**.
- **Match**: 2 (Mycorrhiza - Plants) with (ii) Mutualism.

3. **Sheep - Cattle**:
- Sheep and cattle are both herbivores that compete for the same food resources, such as grass. This competition affects both species negatively as they vie for limited resources. Therefore, this relationship is classified as **Competition**.
- **Match**: 3 (Sheep - Cattle) with (iv) Competition.

4. **Orchid - Tree**:
- Orchids often grow on trees, using them as a place to live without harming the tree. The orchid benefits from the tree by gaining a place to grow, while the tree remains unaffected (neither benefiting nor harmed). This relationship is termed **Commensalism**.
- **Match**: 4 (Orchid - Tree) with (i) Commensalism.

### Final Matches:
- 1 matches with (iii) Predation
- 2 matches with (ii) Mutualism
- 3 matches with (iv) Competition
- 4 matches with (i) Commensalism

### Summary of Matches:
1. Herbivores - Plants → (iii) Predation
2. Mycorrhiza - Plants → (ii) Mutualism
3. Sheep - Cattle → (iv) Competition
4. Orchid - Tree → (i) Commensalism

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