Which of the following has been an order of % p-character ?

Options

A. `sp lt sp^2 lt sp^3`
B. `sp^3 lt sp^2 lt sp`
C. `sp^2 lt sp^3 lt sp`
D. `sp^2 lt sp lt sp^3`

Explanation

To determine the order of % p-character in different hybridizations (sp, sp², and sp³), we need to analyze the hybridization types and their respective p-character percentages. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown:

### Step 1: Understand Hybridization Types
- **sp Hybridization**: This involves the mixing of one s orbital and one p orbital. Thus, the hybridization results in two sp hybrid orbitals.
- **sp² Hybridization**: This involves the mixing of one s orbital and two p orbitals, resulting in three sp² hybrid orbitals.
- **sp³ Hybridization**: This involves the mixing of one s orbital and three p orbitals, resulting in four sp³ hybrid orbitals.

### Step 2: Calculate % p-character for Each Hybridization
1. **For sp Hybridization**:
- % s-character = 50% (1 s orbital out of 2 total orbitals)
- % p-character = 50% (1 p orbital out of 2 total orbitals)

2. **For sp² Hybridization**:
- % s-character = 33.33% (1 s orbital out of 3 total orbitals)
- % p-character = 66.66% (2 p orbitals out of 3 total orbitals)

3. **For sp³ Hybridization**:
- % s-character = 25% (1 s orbital out of 4 total orbitals)
- % p-character = 75% (3 p orbitals out of 4 total orbitals)

### Step 3: Order the % p-character
Now we can summarize the % p-character for each hybridization:
- sp: 50% p-character
- sp²: 66.66% p-character
- sp³: 75% p-character

### Step 4: Arrange in Order
From the calculations:
- sp³ has the highest % p-character (75%)
- sp² follows with (66.66%)
- sp has the lowest % p-character (50%)

Thus, the order of % p-character is:
**sp³ > sp² > sp**

### Final Answer
The order of % p-character is: **sp³ > sp² > sp**

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