Explain the process of artificial hybridisation to get improved crop, variety in (i) plants bearing bisexual flowers (ii) female parent producing unisexual flowers.

Explanation

(i)First the anthers are removed from the flower bud before anther dehisces using a pair of forceps. This step is referred to as emasculation. Then emasculated flowers are covered with a bag made up of butter paper to prevent contamination of stigma with unwanted pollen. This process is called bagging . When the stigma of bagged flower attains receptivity , mature pollen grains collected from anthers of male parent are dusted on the stigma and the flowers are rebagged and the fruits allowed to develop .
(iii)If the female parent produces unisexual flowers , there is no need for emasculation . The female flower buds are bagged before the flower opens. When the stigma become receptive pollination is carried out using the desired pollen and the flower is rebagged.