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[A]: Sickle-cell anaemia is a geneticall...

[A]: Sickle-cell anaemia is a genetically de- termined disorder affecting many new born babies.
[R]: It is caused by heterozygosity for allele `Hb^c` , producing a single amino acid substitu- tion in the a-chain of the normal haemoglo- bin molecule determined by allele `Hb^A` .

A

If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

B

If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A

C

If A is true and R is false

D

If both A and R are false

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The correct Answer is:
C
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[A]: Genetic disorder, sickle cell anaemia is common in new born babies· [R]: It is caused by heterozygosity for allele Hbc, producing a single amino acid substitution in the a-chain of the Haemoglobin determined by allele Hb^A

Study the following carefully and explain why mutation (A) did not cause any sickle cell anemia in spite of change in the molecular structure of the gene which codes for Haemoglobin, when as a similar mutation (B) did. (The question is based on properties of the genetic code. c= codon, a = amino acid, Hb = Haemoglobin) Codons for Hb: C_1 - C_2 -C_3 -C_4 - C_5 -G AA -GAA- C_8 ... Amino acids in Hb : a_1-a_2-a_3-a_4-a_5 - Glutamic acid- Glutamic acid - a_8 ...... (Normal Haemoglobin ) Mutation (A) : C_1 -C_2 - C_3 -C_4 -C_5-GAG-"GAA"-C_8...... a_1-a_2 - a_3-a_4-a_5 -Glutamic acid -Glutamic acid - a_8 .... (Normal Haemoglobin ) Mutation (B) : C_1 -C_2 - C_3 -C_4 -C_5-GAG-"GAA"-C_8...... a_1-a_2 - a_3-a_4-a_5 -Valine-Glutamic acid - a_8 .... (Sickle cell Haemoglobin )

TRUEMAN BIOLOGY-Genetics-ASSERTION AND REASON
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