Infertility in males

Explanation

Infertility in male It refers to an inability to conceive after having regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Infertility also refers to the biological inability of an individual to contribute to conception or to a female who cannot carry a pregnancy to full term. A normal fertile male may ejaculate 2.5-5mL semen with a sperm count of over 200-300 million per ejaculation. Any defect in the sperm count, sperm structure, sperm motility of seminal fluid may cause infertility in males. Low sperm count in males is called oligospermia, while near the absence of sperm is called azoospermia. Similarly, low sperm motility is asthenozoospermia. The main reasons of infertility in males are given below
(i) Failure of testes to descend into scrotum, i.e.-cryptochidism.
(ii) Blocked vas deferentia and vasa efferentia.
(iii) High temperature of scrotum, i.e. hyperthermia.
(iv) Infections such as orchitis, bronchiectasis and chlamydiasis, etc.
(v) Alcoholism, use of cytotoxic drugs, radiations and antidepressant suppress spermatogenesis.
(vi) Gonadotropin deficiency, Klinefelter syndrome, etc.