"Migration may enhance or blurr the effects of selection". Comment.

What is natural selection in modern terms? Elucidate the three different effects of natural selection on variation.

Read the given passage and answers following questions : The particles of colloidal solution possess electrical charge which is responsible for the stability of these solutions. The charge on colloidal particles arises because of selective adsorption of ions which are common with their own lattice. The presence of charge on colloidal particles can be determined with the help of phenomenon known as electrophoresis. However, when some electrolyte is added, the charge on the particles of, dispersed phase gets neutralized and precipitation takes place. This process is also called coagulation. The coagulation is given by Hardy Schulze rules. According to these rules the ions carrying the charge opposite to that of sol particles are effective and coagulating power of an electrolyte is directly proportional to the fourth power of the valency of the ion. Coagulation can also occur by mutual precipitation , by electrophoresis, by persistent dialysis or by heating or cooling. Answer the following questions : Which electrolyte is most effective for coagulating Fe(OH)3 sol?

Read the given passage and answers following questions : The particles of colloidal solution possess electrical charge which is responsible for the stability of these solutions. The charge on colloidal particles arises because of selective adsorption of ions which are common with their own lattice. The presence of charge on colloidal particles can be determined with the help of phenomenon known as electrophoresis. However, when some electrolyte is added, the charge on the particles of, dispersed phase gets neutralized and precipitation takes place. This process is also called coagulation. The coagulation is given by Hardy Schulze rules. According to these rules the ions carrying the charge opposite to that of sol particles are effective and coagulating power of an electrolyte is directly proportional to the fourth power of the valency of the ion. Coagulation can also occur by mutual precipitation , by electrophoresis, by persistent dialysis or by heating or cooling. Answer the following questions : What happens to the charge of particles when electrolyte is added ?

The particles of colloidal solution possess electrical charge which is responsible for the stability of these solutions. The charge on colloidal particles arises because of selective adsorption of ions which are common with their own lattice. The presence of charge on colloidal particles can be determined with the help of phenomenon known as electrophoresis. However, when some electrolyte is added, the charge -on the particles of dispersed phase gets neutralized and precipitation takes place. This process is also called coagulation. The coagulation is given by Hardy Schulze rules. According to these rules the ions carrying the charge opposite to that of sol particles are effective and coagulating power of an electrolyte is directly propdrtional to the fourth power of the valency of the ion. Coagulation can also occur by mutual precipitation, by electrophoresis, by persistent dialysis or by heating or cooling. What happens to the charge of particles when electrolyte is added ?

The particles of colloidal solution possess electrical charge which is responsible for the stability of these solutions. The charge on colloidal particles arises because of selective adsorption of ions which are common with their own lattice. The presence of charge on colloidal particles can be determined with the help of phenomenon known as electrophoresis. However, when some electrolyte is added, the charge -on the particles of dispersed phase gets neutralized and precipitation takes place. This process is also called coagulation. The coagulation is given by Hardy Schulze rules. According to these rules the ions carrying the charge opposite to that of sol particles are effective and coagulating power of an electrolyte is directly propdrtional to the fourth power of the valency of the ion. Coagulation can also occur by mutual precipitation, by electrophoresis, by persistent dialysis or by heating or cooling. What is Hardy Schulze rule ?

The particles of colloidal solution possess electrical charge which is responsible for the stability of these solutions. The charge on colloidal particles arises because of selective adsorption of ions which are common with their own lattice. The presence of charge on colloidal part!cles can be determined with the help of phenomenon known as electrophoresis. However, when some electrolyte is added, the charge on the particles of dispersed phase gets neutralized and precipitation takes place. This process is also called coagulation. The coagulation is given by Hardy Schulze rules. According to these rules the ions carrying the charge opposite to that of sol particles are effective and coagulating power of an electrolyte is directly proportional to the fourth power of the valency of the ion. Coagulation can also occur by mutual precipitation, by electrophoresis, by persistent dialysis or by heating or cooling. Which charge is responsible for stability of colloidal particles ?

The particles of colloidal solution possess electrical charge which is responsible for the stability of these solutions. The charge on colloidal particles arises because of selective adsorption of ions which are common with their own lattice. The presence of charge on colloidal part!cles can be determined with the help of phenomenon known as electrophoresis. However, when some electrolyte is added, the charge on the particles of dispersed phase gets neutralized and precipitation takes place. This process is also called coagulation. The coagulation is given by Hardy Schulze rules. According to these rules the ions carrying the charge opposite to that of sol particles are effective and coagulating power of an electrolyte is directly proportional to the fourth power of the valency of the ion. Coagulation can also occur by mutual precipitation, by electrophoresis, by persistent dialysis or by heating or cooling. What is precipitation ?

The particles of colloidal solution possess electrical charge which is responsible for the stability of these solutions. The charge on colloidal particles arises because of selective adsorption of ions which are common with their own lattice. The presence of charge on colloidal part!cles can be determined with the help of phenomenon known as electrophoresis. However, when some electrolyte is added, the charge on the particles of dispersed phase gets neutralized and precipitation takes place. This process is also called coagulation. The coagulation is given by Hardy Schulze rules. According to these rules the ions carrying the charge opposite to that of sol particles are effective and coagulating power of an electrolyte is directly proportional to the fourth power of the valency of the ion. Coagulation can also occur by mutual precipitation, by electrophoresis, by persistent dialysis or by heating or cooling. What is electrophoresis ?

Read the given passage and answer the questions A substance which alters the rate of chemical reaction without undergoing any change in mass and chemical composition at the end of reaction is called catalyst. It may be noted that catalyst which increases the speed of a reaction is called positive catalyst and catalyst which decrease the speed of reaction is called negative catalyst. The promoters are substances that enhance the activity of catalyst and poisons are the substances which decrease the activity of catalyts. How many types of catalysts are there ?

Read the given passage and answer the questions A substance which alters the rate of chemical reaction without undergoing any change in mass and chemical composition at the end of reaction is called catalyst. It may be noted that catalyst which increases the speed of a reaction is called positive catalyst and catalyst which decrease the speed of reaction is called negative catalyst. The promoters are substances that enhance the activity of catalyst and poisons are the substances which decrease the activity of catalyts. What are a positive catalysts ?