Are the nucleons fundamental particles, or do they consist of still smaller parts? One way to find out is probe a nucleon just as Rutherford probed an atom. What should be the kinetic energy of an electron for it to be able to probe a nucleon? Assume the diameter of a nucleon to be approximately `10^-15m`.

The nucleus of an atom of ._(92)Y^(235) initially at rest decays by emitting an alpha particle. The binding energy per nucleon of parent and dougther nuclei are 7.8MeV and 7.835MeV respectively and that of alpha particles is 7.07MeV//"nucleon". Assuming the dougther nucleus to be formed in the unexcited state and neglecting its share of energy in the reaction, calculate speed of emitted alpha particle. Take mass of alpha particle to be 6.68xx10^(-27)kg .

The existence of negatively charged particle in an atom was shown by J.J. Thomson as a result of the studies of the passage of electricity through gases at extremely low pressure known as discharge tube experiments. When a high voltage of the order of 10,000 volts or more was impressed across the electrodes, some sort of invisible rays moved from the negative electrode to the positive electrode these rays are called as cathode rays. Cathode rays travel in straight path in absence of electrical and magnetic field . Cathode rays consist of material part and charged particles? Cathode rays produce X-rays and light is emitted when they strike on ZnS screen. Cathode rays penetrate through thin sheets of aluminium and other metals . They affect the photogenic plate and passes heating effect when they strike on metal foil. The raito of charge to mass i.e charge/mass is same for all the cathode rays irrespective of the gas used in the tube. The existence of positively charged particle in an atom was shown be E. Goldstein. He repeated the same discharge tube experiments by using a perforated cathode. It was observed that when a high potential difference was applied between the electrodes, not only cathode rays were produced but also a new type of rays were produced simultaneoulsy from anode moving towards cathode and passes through the holes or canal of the cathode. These termed as canal rays or anode rays. These rays travel in straight lines and consists of positively charged particles. These rays have kinetic energy and produces heating effect also. The e/m ratio of these rays is smaller than that of electrons. Unlike cathode rays, their e/m value is dependent upon the nature of the gas taken in the tube. These rays produced flashes of light on ZnS screen and can pass throughs thin metal foils. They can produce physical and chemical changes and are capable to produce ionisation in gases. For cathode rays the value of e/m:

The existence of negatively charged particle in an atom was shown by J.J. Thomson as a result of the studies of the passage of electricity through gases at extremely low pressure known as discharge tube experiments. When a high voltage of the order of 10,000 volts or more was impressed across the electrodes, some sort of invisible rays moved from the negative electrode to the positive electrode these rays are called as cathode rays. Cathode rays travel in straight path in absence of electrical and magnetic field . Cathode rays consist of material part and charged particles? Cathode rays produce X-rays and light is emitted when they strike on ZnS screen. Cathode rays penetrate through thin sheets of aluminium and other metals . They affect the photogenic plate and passes heating effect when they strike on metal foil. The raito of charge to mass i.e charge/mass is same for all the cathode rays irrespective of the gas used in the tube. The existence of positively charged particle in an atom was shown be E. Goldstein. He repeated the same discharge tube experiments by using a perforated cathode. It was observed that when a high potential difference was applied between the electrodes, not only cathode rays were produced but also a new type of rays were produced simultaneoulsy from anode moving towards cathode and passes through the holes or canal of the cathode. These termed as canal rays or anode rays. These rays travel in straight lines and consists of positively charged particles. These rays have kinetic energy and produces heating effect also. The e/m ratio of these rays is smaller than that of electrons. Unlike cathode rays, their e/m value is dependent upon the nature of the gas taken in the tube. These rays produced flashes of light on ZnS screen and can pass throughs thin metal foils. They can produce physical and chemical changes and are capable to produce ionisation in gases. Which is not true with respect to cathode rays?

The existence of negatively charged particle in an atom was shown by J.J. Thomson as a result of the studies of the passage of electricity through gases at extremely low pressure known as discharge tube experiments. When a high voltage of the order of 10,000 volts or more was impressed across the electrodes, some sort of invisible rays moved from the negative electrode to the positive electrode these rays are called as cathode rays. Cathode rays travel in straight path in absence of electrical and magnetic field . Cathode rays consist of material part and charged particles? Cathode rays produce X-rays and light is emitted when they strike on ZnS screen. Cathode rays penetrate through thin sheets of aluminium and other metals . They affect the photogenic plate and passes heating effect when they strike on metal foil. The raito of charge to mass i.e charge/mass is same for all the cathode rays irrespective of the gas used in the tube. The existence of positively charged particle in an atom was shown be E. Goldstein. He repeated the same discharge tube experiments by using a perforated cathode. It was observed that when a high potential difference was applied between the electrodes, not only cathode rays were produced but also a new type of rays were produced simultaneoulsy from anode moving towards cathode and passes through the holes or canal of the cathode. These termed as canal rays or anode rays. These rays travel in straight lines and consists of positively charged particles. These rays have kinetic energy and produces heating effect also. The e/m ratio of these rays is smaller than that of electrons. Unlike cathode rays, their e/m value is dependent upon the nature of the gas taken in the tube. These rays produced flashes of light on ZnS screen and can pass throughs thin metal foils. They can produce physical and chemical changes and are capable to produce ionisation in gases. Select the incorrect statement.

The wavelength of a probe is roughly a measure of the size of a structure that it can probe in some detail. The quark structure structure of protons and neutrons appears at the minute length scale of 10^-15m or less. This structure was probed in early 1970's using high energy electron beams produced by a linear accelerator at stanford, USA. Guess what might have been the order of energy of these electrons beams. (Rest mass energy electron=0.511 MeV).