Assertion (A): The increasing pressure on water decreases its freezing point.
Reason (R ):The density of water is maximum at `277K`.

Options

A. If the both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion
B. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
C. If assertion is true but reason is false
D. If both assertion and reason are false statements.

Explanation

To solve the question, we need to analyze both the Assertion (A) and the Reason (R) provided in the statement.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Assertion (A)**:
- The assertion states that "The increasing pressure on water decreases its freezing point."
- According to the principles of physical chemistry, increasing pressure on a substance can affect its phase transitions. For water, increasing pressure does indeed lead to a decrease in the freezing point. This is because higher pressure prevents water molecules from arranging themselves into the solid crystalline structure that ice has, thus requiring a lower temperature to achieve freezing.

**Hint**: Recall how pressure affects phase changes in substances, particularly in relation to their molecular arrangements.

2. **Understanding the Reason (R)**:
- The reason states that "The density of water is maximum at 277 K."
- It is a well-known fact that water reaches its maximum density at approximately 4°C (which is equivalent to 277 K). As water cools down to this temperature, the molecules come closer together, increasing density. This statement is true.

**Hint**: Consider the behavior of water as it cools and the significance of temperature on its density.

3. **Evaluating the Relationship**:
- While both the assertion and the reason are true statements, the reason does not explain the assertion. The assertion discusses the effect of pressure on freezing point, while the reason discusses the temperature at which water has maximum density. They are related to water's properties but do not directly correlate in terms of cause and effect.

**Hint**: Analyze whether the reason logically supports or explains the assertion.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Since both the assertion and the reason are true, but the reason does not correctly explain the assertion, the correct option is: "Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is not the correct explanation."

### Final Answer:
The correct answer is: **Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is not the correct explanation.**