Gametophyte and sporophyte are independent of each other in which of the following groups?

Options

A. pteridophytes
B. angiosperms
C. gymnosperms
D. bryophytes

Explanation

To determine in which group the gametophyte and sporophyte are independent of each other, we need to analyze the characteristics of the four groups mentioned: pteridophytes, angiosperms, gymnosperms, and bryophytes.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Gametophyte and Sporophyte**:
- The gametophyte is the haploid phase of the plant life cycle that produces gametes (sperm and eggs).
- The sporophyte is the diploid phase that produces spores through meiosis.

2. **Analyzing the Groups**:
- **Pteridophytes**:
- In pteridophytes (like ferns), the sporophyte is the dominant phase and is independent. It has true roots, stems, and leaves. The gametophyte is small and independent of the sporophyte.
- **Angiosperms**:
- In angiosperms (flowering plants), the sporophyte is the dominant phase, and the gametophyte is reduced and dependent on the sporophyte.
- **Gymnosperms**:
- Similar to angiosperms, gymnosperms also have a dominant sporophyte and a reduced gametophyte that is dependent on the sporophyte.
- **Bryophytes**:
- In bryophytes (like mosses), the gametophyte is the dominant phase, and the sporophyte is dependent on the gametophyte for nutrition.

3. **Conclusion**:
- The only group where the gametophyte and sporophyte are independent of each other is **pteridophytes**. In this group, the sporophyte is the main plant body and is independent of the gametophyte.

### Final Answer:
The correct option is **pteridophytes**.