Assertion : ptoluidine is a stronger base than mtoluene.
Reason : Methyl group from mposition exerts smaller electron donating inductive (+I) effect than from pposition

Options

A. Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
B. Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion
C. Assertion is true but Reason is false
D. Both Assertion and Reason are false

Answer

To solve the question, we will analyze the assertion and reason statements step by step.

### Step 1: Understanding the Assertion
The assertion states that **p-toluidine is a stronger base than m-toluidine**.
- **p-toluidine** has the amino group (-NH2) at the para position relative to the methyl group (-CH3).
- **m-toluidine** has the amino group at the meta position relative to the methyl group.

### Step 2: Analyzing Basicity
Basicity in amines is influenced by the electron-donating ability of substituents. The methyl group is an electron-donating group due to its +I (inductive) effect.
- In **p-toluidine**, the methyl group is positioned to provide a stronger +I effect directly to the nitrogen atom of the amino group.
- In **m-toluidine**, the methyl group is further away from the amino group, leading to a weaker +I effect.

### Step 3: Conclusion on Assertion
Since the methyl group in p-toluidine enhances the electron density on the nitrogen more effectively than in m-toluidine, **p-toluidine is indeed a stronger base than m-toluidine**. Thus, the assertion is **true**.

### Step 4: Understanding the Reason
The reason states that **the methyl group from the meta position exerts a smaller electron-donating inductive effect than from the para position**.
- This is also true because the distance from the amino group affects the strength of the +I effect. The para position allows for better overlap and stabilization of the electron density on the nitrogen.

### Step 5: Conclusion on Reason
While the reason is correct, it does not fully explain why p-toluidine is a stronger base than m-toluidine. The stronger basicity is primarily due to the hyperconjugation effect of the methyl group in the para position, which is not mentioned in the reason.

### Final Conclusion
Both the assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion. Therefore, the correct answer is that both the assertion and reason are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion.