In the homeostatic control of blood sugar level , which organs function as modulator and effector respectively ?

Options

A. Liver and islet of Langerhans
B. Hypothalamus and liver
C. Hypothalamus and islet of Langerhans
D. Islet of Langerhans and hypothalamus

Answer

To solve the question regarding the organs that function as modulator and effector in the homeostatic control of blood sugar level, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand Homeostasis**: Homeostasis refers to the process by which biological systems maintain stability while adjusting to conditions that are optimal for survival. In the context of blood sugar levels, it involves regulating glucose concentration in the bloodstream.

2. **Identify the Modulator**: The modulator in this context is the organ that helps in regulating blood sugar levels. The liver plays a crucial role here. It acts as a modulator because it converts excess glucose into glycogen for storage. When blood glucose levels rise, the liver takes up glucose and stores it as glycogen, thus helping to lower blood sugar levels.

3. **Identify the Effector**: The effector is the organ that responds to changes in blood glucose levels. The pancreas, specifically the islets of Langerhans (which contain beta cells), serves as the effector. When blood glucose levels increase, the beta cells of the pancreas release insulin, which facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells and promotes the conversion of glucose to glycogen in the liver.

4. **Summarize the Roles**:
- **Modulator**: Liver (converts glucose to glycogen)
- **Effector**: Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas (releases insulin)

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the roles identified, the correct answer to the question is that the liver functions as the modulator and the islets of Langerhans function as the effector in the homeostatic control of blood sugar levels.

### Final Answer:
The organs that function as modulator and effector respectively in the homeostatic control of blood sugar level are:
- Modulator: Liver
- Effector: Islets of Langerhans (Pancreas)

---