The amount of heat measured in calories needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of substance by 1 degree centigrade is known as

Options

A. heat of fusion
B. specific heat
C. coefficient of expansion
D. latent heat.

Explanation

To solve the problem, we need to identify the term that describes the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Question**: The question asks for the specific term that quantifies the heat required to increase the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.

2. **Identify the Variables**:
- Let \( m \) be the mass of the substance (1 gram in this case).
- Let \( \Delta T \) be the change in temperature (1 degree Celsius in this case).
- Let \( Q \) be the amount of heat added.

3. **Use the Formula for Heat**: The formula for the amount of heat \( Q \) required to change the temperature of a substance is given by:
\[ Q = m \cdot S \cdot \Delta T \]
where \( S \) is the specific heat capacity of the substance.

4. **Rearranging the Formula**: We can rearrange the formula to solve for specific heat \( S \):
\[ S = \frac{Q}{m \cdot \Delta T} \]

5. **Substituting Values**: According to the problem, we have:
- \( m = 1 \) gram
- \( \Delta T = 1 \) degree Celsius
Substituting these values into the equation gives:
\[ S = \frac{Q}{1 \cdot 1} = Q \]

6. **Conclusion**: The specific heat \( S \) is equal to the amount of heat \( Q \) required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of the substance by 1 degree Celsius. Therefore, the answer to the question is:
- **Specific Heat**.

### Final Answer:
**Specific Heat**