Assertion: Phenol reacts with `CH_(3)l` in presence of NaOH to form methoxybenzene.
Reason: Phenoxide is better nucleophile than phenol.

Options

A. If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
B. If both assertion and reson are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
C. if assertion is true but reason is false.
D. If both assertion and reason are false.

Answer

To solve the assertion and reason question, we will analyze both statements step by step.

### Step 1: Understanding the Assertion
The assertion states that phenol reacts with methyl iodide (CH₃I) in the presence of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form methoxybenzene.

**Explanation:**
- Phenol (C₆H₅OH) can be deprotonated by NaOH, which is a strong base, to form phenoxide ion (C₆H₅O⁻).
- The phenoxide ion is a stronger nucleophile compared to neutral phenol due to the negative charge on the oxygen atom, which increases its electron density and reactivity.

### Step 2: Reaction Mechanism
1. **Deprotonation of Phenol:**
- Phenol reacts with NaOH to form sodium phenoxide:
\[ \text{C₆H₅OH} + \text{NaOH} \rightarrow \text{C₆H₅O⁻Na⁺} + \text{H₂O} \]

2. **Nucleophilic Attack:**
- The phenoxide ion (C₆H₅O⁻) can now attack the electrophilic carbon in methyl iodide (CH₃I):
\[ \text{C₆H₅O⁻} + \text{CH₃I} \rightarrow \text{C₆H₅OCH₃} + \text{I⁻} \]
- This results in the formation of methoxybenzene (C₆H₅OCH₃) and iodide ion (I⁻).

### Step 3: Understanding the Reason
The reason states that phenoxide is a better nucleophile than phenol.

**Explanation:**
- The phenoxide ion has a negative charge, which makes it more reactive towards electrophiles compared to neutral phenol, which lacks this charge.
- Therefore, the statement that phenoxide is a better nucleophile than phenol is true.

### Conclusion
Both the assertion and the reason are true. The reaction of phenol with methyl iodide in the presence of NaOH to form methoxybenzene is valid, and the reason provided explains why this reaction occurs effectively.

### Final Answer
- **Assertion:** True
- **Reason:** True
- **Conclusion:** Both the assertion and reason are correct.

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