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Isomerisation....

Isomerisation.

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n-Alkanes on heating in presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride and hydrogen chloride isomerise to branched chain alkanes. For example,
`underset("n-Butane")(CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)CH_(3))underset(575K)overset(AlCl_(3)//HCl)(to)underset("2-Methylpropane")underset(CH_(3))underset(|)(CH_(3)CHCH_(3))`
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The system shown in the figure is in equilibrium, where A and B are isomeric liquids and form an ideal solution at TK . Standard vapour pressures of A and B are P_(A)^(0) and P_(B)^(0) , respectively, at TK . We collect the vapour of A and B in two containers of volume V , first container is maintained at 2 T K and second container is maintained at 3T//2 . At the temperature greater than T K , both A and B exist in only gaseous form. We assume than collected gases behave ideally at 2 T K and there may take place an isomerisation reaction in which A gets converted into B by first-order kinetics reaction given as: Aoverset(k)rarrB , where k is a rate constant. In container ( II ) at the given temperature 3T//2 , A and B are ideal in nature and non reacting in nature. A small pin hole is made into container. We can determine the initial rate of effusion of both gases in vacuum by the expression r=K.(P)/(sqrt(M_(0))) where P= pressure differences between system and surrounding K= positive constant M_(0)= molecular weight of the gas If vapours are collected in a container of volume 8.21 L maintained at 3 T//2K , where T=50 K , then the ratio of initial rate of effusion of gases A and B is given as

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