Giving appropriate examples (at least three), explain how the reactivity of a metal is related to its mode of occurrence in nature.

Giving an appropriate example, explain how the presence of a substituent on aliphatic chain of a carboxylic acid effects its acid strength.

Giving appropriate examples, explain how the types of processes of adsorption (physisorption and chemisorption) are influenced by the prevailing temperature , the surface area of adsorbent and the activation energy of the process?

(a) What is reactivity series ? How does the reactivity series of metals help in predicting the relative activities of various metals ? (b) Suggest different chemical processes used for obtaining a metal from its oxides for metals in the middle of the reactivity series and metals towards the top of the reactivity series. Support you answer with one example each.

Explain how the principle of a displacement reaction is based on the reactivity of metals and non-metals.

What are electrophilic reagents ? Give at least three examples.

Give three examples to illustrate reducing nature of formic acid.

On exposure to air, alkali metals get tranished due to formation of oxides, hydroxides and carbonates on their surface. When heated in air or oxygen they burn vigourously forming different types of oxides depending upon the nature of the metal. The formation and stability of these metals can be explained on the basis of size of alkali metal ion and the anion. Peroxides are colourless, while superoxides are coloured. The normal oxides are basic while peroxides and superoxides act as oxidising agents. On heating in excess of oxygen, potassium gives

Giving suitable example, describe the importance of the formation of complex compounds in the extraction of particular metal from its natural source.

(a) Define refraction and state at least three examples of refraction. (b) Describe dispersion of white light into its constituent colours.

Give three reactions of glucose which cannot be explained by its open chain structure.