Coal is broken down into many simpler, useful substnaces through a process called____

Options

A. refining
B. destructive distillation
C. Mining
D. fractionation

Answer

To answer the question, "Coal is broken down into many simpler, useful substances through a process called____," we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Question
The question is asking for the specific process by which coal is transformed into simpler substances. This involves a chemical process that alters the composition of coal.

**Hint:** Think about the methods used in chemistry to break down complex substances into simpler ones.

### Step 2: Identify the Options
The possible answers provided are:
- Refining
- Destructive distillation
- Mining
- Fractionation

**Hint:** Consider the definitions of each option to determine which one relates to breaking down coal.

### Step 3: Analyze Each Option
- **Refining:** This usually refers to purifying a substance, not breaking it down.
- **Destructive distillation:** This is a process where coal is heated in the absence of air, leading to its breakdown into simpler substances.
- **Mining:** This is the process of extracting coal from the earth, not breaking it down.
- **Fractionation:** This typically refers to separating mixtures into their components, not specifically breaking down coal.

**Hint:** Focus on the option that involves heating coal to break it down chemically.

### Step 4: Conclude the Correct Answer
After analyzing the options, the correct answer is **destructive distillation**. This process involves heating coal at around 1100 degrees Celsius in a limited supply of air, which results in the breakdown of coal into simpler, useful substances.

**Final Answer:** Coal is broken down into many simpler, useful substances through a process called **destructive distillation**.