What do you understand by fertilization? Where does it occur in a human female body?

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Definition of Fertilization**: Fertilization is the biological process in which the male gamete (sperm) and the female gamete (egg or ovum) fuse together. This fusion results in the formation of a zygote, which is the first cell of a new organism.

2. **Gametes in Humans**: In humans, the male gamete is called sperm, while the female gamete is called the egg or ovum. The sperm is typically smaller than the egg.

3. **Process of Fusion**: The process of fertilization involves the sperm traveling to the egg, where it penetrates the egg's outer layer. Once the sperm successfully enters the egg, their genetic materials combine to form a zygote.

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