Which of these physiological processes can a living organism not carry out from the time of birth?

Options

A. Nutrition
B. Excretion
C. Respiration
D. Reproduction

Answer

To solve the question "Which of these physiological processes can a living organism not carry out from the time of birth?", we will analyze each option provided.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Options**: We have four options to consider:
- A) Nutrition
- B) Excretion
- C) Respiration
- D) Reproduction

2. **Analyzing Nutrition**:
- Nutrition is the process by which organisms take in food and convert it into energy.
- From the moment an organism is born, it begins to consume food (for example, a baby starts breastfeeding).
- **Conclusion**: Nutrition starts at birth.

3. **Analyzing Excretion**:
- Excretion is the process of eliminating waste products from the body.
- After birth, organisms produce waste (such as urine and feces) and need to excrete it.
- **Conclusion**: Excretion starts at birth.

4. **Analyzing Respiration**:
- Respiration involves the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide.
- This process is vital for survival and begins immediately after birth (for example, a newborn takes its first breath).
- **Conclusion**: Respiration starts at birth.

5. **Analyzing Reproduction**:
- Reproduction is the biological process by which new individual organisms are produced.
- Newborns are not capable of reproduction; they must grow and reach maturity (puberty) before they can reproduce.
- **Conclusion**: Reproduction does not start at birth.

6. **Final Answer**:
- Based on the analysis, the physiological process that a living organism cannot carry out from the time of birth is **D) Reproduction**.