Explain the formation of sodium chloride.

The type of bond involved in the formation of sodium chloride is

(a) Give the electronic configurations of sodium and chlorine. (b) Write the electron-dot structures for sodium and chlorine atoms. (c) Describe the formation of sodium chloride from sodium and chlorine by the transfer of electrons. What changes take place in the electronic configurations of sodium and chlorine during the formation of sodium chloride? (d) Write any two properties of ionic compounds.

Explain the formation of (i) sodium ion, and (ii) chloride ion, from their respective atoms giving the number of proton and number of electrons in each one of them. What is the reason for positive charge on a sodium ion and a negative charge on a chloride ion ?