The following organs appeared for the first time in amphibians
(a) Syrinx, urinary bladder and cloaca
(b) Tympanum , sternum and lacrimal glands
(c) Harderian gland , sebaceous glands and lacrimal glands
(d) Furcula, four chambered heart and palate.

Options

A. syrins, urinary bladder and cloca
B. tympanum , sternum and lacrimal glands
C. harderian gland , sebaceous glands and larimal glands
D. furcula, four chambered heart and palate.

Answer

To determine which organs appeared for the first time in amphibians, we need to analyze each option provided in the question.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Amphibians**:
- Amphibians are the earliest group of tetrapods, which means they have adaptations for both aquatic and terrestrial life. They have developed several unique structures that facilitate this dual lifestyle.

2. **Analyzing Each Option**:
- **Option (a)**: Syrinx, urinary bladder, and cloaca.
- **Syrinx**: This is the vocal organ found in birds, not amphibians.
- **Urinary Bladder**: Present in amphibians but not the first to appear.
- **Cloaca**: Present in amphibians but also found in other vertebrates.
- **Conclusion**: This option is incorrect.

- **Option (b)**: Tympanum, sternum, and lacrimal glands.
- **Tympanum**: This is an important auditory structure that first appears in amphibians.
- **Sternum**: A crucial part of the ribcage that supports the body, also first appears in amphibians.
- **Lacrimal Glands**: These tear glands are exocrine glands that first appear in amphibians.
- **Conclusion**: This option is correct as all three structures are first found in amphibians.

- **Option (c)**: Harderian gland, sebaceous glands, and lacrimal glands.
- **Harderian Gland**: This gland appears in amphibians.
- **Sebaceous Glands**: These do not first appear in amphibians; they are found in other vertebrates.
- **Lacrimal Glands**: As mentioned, these do appear in amphibians.
- **Conclusion**: This option is incorrect due to the presence of sebaceous glands.

- **Option (d)**: Furcula, four-chambered heart, and palate.
- **Furcula**: This is a structure found in birds, not amphibians.
- **Four-chambered heart**: This is a characteristic of birds and mammals, not amphibians.
- **Palate**: While amphibians have a palate, it is not unique to them as it appears in other vertebrates.
- **Conclusion**: This option is incorrect.

3. **Final Answer**: The correct option is **(b) Tympanum, sternum, and lacrimal glands**, as these organs appeared for the first time in amphibians.