Kala-azar is transmitted by

Options

A. Phleobotomus/Sand fly
B. Glossina/Tsetse fly
C. Pediculus
D. Aedes.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Identify the Disease:** The question asks about the transmission of Kala-azar, which is also known as visceral leishmaniasis or dum-dum fever.

2. **Causative Organism:** The disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani.

3. **Transmission Vector:** The primary vector responsible for transmitting Kala-azar is the sandfly, specifically the genus Phlebotomus.

4. **Geographical Distribution:** Kala-azar is prevalent in regions such as East Asia, including India, Africa, and parts of America.

5. **Symptoms:** The disease is characterized by continuous fever and enlargement of the liver (hepatomegaly) and spleen (splenomegaly).

6. **Other Options Analysis:**
- **Glosina (Tsetse fly):** This insect is associated with sleeping sickness, not Kala-azar.
- **Pediculus (Louse):** This insect is linked to typhus, not Kala-azar.
- **Aedes Mosquito:** This mosquito is associated with dengue and chikungunya, not Kala-azar.

7. **Conclusion:** Based on the information, the correct answer to the question "Kala-azar is transmitted by" is the sandfly (Phlebotomus).

**Final Answer:** Kala-azar is transmitted by the sandfly (Phlebotomus).

---