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Griffith performed experiments on bacter...

Griffith performed experiments on bacteria

A

Bacillus pneumoniae

B

Diplococcus pneumoniae

C

Salmonella pneumoniae

D

Xanthomonas pneumoniae.

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### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Identify the Experiment**: Frederick Griffith conducted an experiment in 1928 that is known as the transformation experiment. 2. **Understand the Bacterial Strains**: The experiment involved two strains of bacteria, specifically Streptococcus pneumoniae (also referred to as Diplococcus pneumoniae). These strains were: - **S-strain (Smooth strain)**: This strain was virulent, meaning it could cause disease. - **R-strain (Rough strain)**: This strain was non-virulent, meaning it could not cause disease. 3. **Purpose of the Experiment**: Griffith's experiment aimed to demonstrate that bacteria could transfer genetic information. He showed that the non-virulent R-strain could be transformed into a virulent S-strain when exposed to heat-killed S-strain bacteria. 4. **Conclusion of the Experiment**: The results indicated that some "transforming principle" from the dead S-strain bacteria was taken up by the live R-strain bacteria, allowing them to express the virulent characteristics of the S-strain. This provided evidence for the concept of genetic transformation in bacteria. 5. **Select the Correct Option**: Among the provided options, the correct answer is "Diplococcus pneumoniae" (option 2), as it refers to the species Griffith used in his experiments. The other options (pneumonia, Salmonella pneumoniae, and Xanthomonas pneumoniae) do not accurately represent the bacteria Griffith studied. ### Final Answer: The correct answer is **Diplococcus pneumoniae**. ---
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